Ukusetshenziswa kanye nesimo samathuluzi edayimane.

Ngokuthuthuka komnotho wezwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamazinga okuphila abantu, itshe lemvelo (igwalagwala, imabula), i-jade, itshe lokwenziwa lezinga eliphezulu (itshe le-microcrystalline), izitsha zobumba, ingilazi, nemikhiqizo kasimende isetshenziswe kabanzi ezindlini nasezakhiwo. .Umhlobiso wezinto usetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni imihlobiso ehlukahlukene, ezidingweni zansuku zonke kanye nokwakhiwa kwemigwaqo namabhuloho.

Ukucutshungulwa kwalezi zinto kudinga amathuluzi ahlukahlukene wedayimane.

Amathuluzi edayimane akhiqizwa eJalimane, e-Italy, eJapane, naseNingizimu Korea anezinhlobo eziningi, izinga eliphezulu namanani aphezulu.Imikhiqizo yabo cishe ithatha iningi lemakethe yokucubungula amatshe ephezulu.

Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule noma ngaphezulu, izinkampani zaseShayina ezikhiqiza amathuluzi edayimane ziye zathuthuka ngokushesha.Ngokombono wenani lezinkampani, cishe kunezinkampani eziyinkulungwane ezikhiqiza amathuluzi edayimane, ngemali engenayo yokuthengisa yonyaka idlula amashumi ezigidigidi.Cishe kunabakhiqizi bamathuluzi edayimane abacishe babe yi-100 eDolobheni laseDanyang esiFundazweni saseJiangsu, iDolobha laseShijiazhuang esiFundazweni saseHebei, iDolobha lase-Ezhou esiFundazweni saseHubei, iDolobha laseShuitou eDolobheni laseQuanzhou esifundazweni saseFujian, iDolobha laseYunfu esiFundazweni saseGuangdong naseSifundazweni saseShandong.Kunamabhizinisi amaningi futhi amakhulu akhiqiza amathuluzi edayimane e-China, angenakuqhathaniswa nanoma yiliphi elinye izwe emhlabeni, futhi azoba yisizinda sokuphakelwa kwamathuluzi edayimane emhlabeni.Izinhlobo ezithile zamathuluzi edayimane e-China nazo zinezinga eliphezulu lekhwalithi, futhi ezinye izinhlobo ezidumile zamathuluzi edayimane phesheya nazo ziye zathuma izinkampani zaseShayina ukuthi zizikhiqize.Nokho, iningi lemikhiqizo ekhiqizwa izinkampani eziningi ingeyekhwalithi ephansi futhi inenani eliphansi.Nakuba i-China ithumela ngaphandle inani elikhulu lamathuluzi edayimane, iningi lawo liyimikhiqizo enenani eliphansi futhi libizwa ngokuthi "imfucumfucu".Ngisho nemikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu izinga layo elihlanganayo noma elidlula imikhiqizo efanayo yangaphandle, ngenxa yokuthi yenziwe e-China, ayikwazi ukuthengisa ngentengo enhle, okuthinta kakhulu isithombe saseShayina.Iyini imbangela yalesi simo?Kafushane, zimbili izizathu eziyinhloko.

Elinye izinga eliphansi lobuchwepheshe.Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ithuluzi ledayimane kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu kuze kube manje.Isigaba sokuqala siwukusebenzisa i-elemental powder njenge-matrix bese wengeza amadayimane ukwenza amathuluzi edayimane ngenqubo yokuxuba imishini.Le nqubo ijwayele ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye;izinga lokushisa eliphezulu le-sintering lingabangela kalula i-diamond graphitization futhi linciphise amandla edayimane.Njengoba izinto ezihlukahlukene zesidumbu zihlanganiswa ngomshini, azihlanganisiwe ngokugcwele, futhi isidumbu sinomthelela omubi kumadayimane, okwenza kube nzima ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ephezulu.Isigaba sesibili ukusetshenziswa kwempushana efakwe ngaphambili njenge-matrix kanye nenqubo yokuxuba idayimane ukwenza amathuluzi edayimane.Ngenxa yokuthi impahla ye-matrix ihlanganiswe ngokugcwele futhi izinga lokushisa le-sintering liphansi, le nqubo ngeke inciphise amandla edayimane, igweme ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye, ikhiqize umphumela omuhle we-encasement kwidayimane, futhi yenze umsebenzi wedayimane udlale kahle.Amathuluzi edayimane akhiqizwa kusetshenziswa impushana efakwe ngaphambili njengoba i-matrix inezici zokusebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nokuncipha kancane, futhi ingakhiqiza amathuluzi edayimane ekhwalithi ephezulu.Isigaba sesithathu ukusetshenziswa kwempushana esele ifakwe ngaphambili njenge-matrix, kanye nokuhlelwa okuhlelekile (i-multi-layer, idayimane elisatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo) ubuchwepheshe bedayimane.Lobu buchwepheshe buqukethe izinzuzo zezobuchwepheshe ze-pre-alloyed powder, futhi buhlela amadayimane ngendlela ehlelekile, ukuze idayimane ngalinye lisetshenziswe ngokugcwele, futhi linqobe iphutha lokuthi ukusatshalaliswa okungalingani kwamadayimane okubangelwa inqubo yokuxuba ngomshini kuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kokusika. ., Ingabe ubuchwepheshe bamuva ekukhiqizeni amathuluzi edayimane emhlabeni namuhla.Thatha i-blade yokusika idayimane evame ukusetshenziswa engu-350mm njengesibonelo, ukusebenza kahle kokusika kobuchwepheshe besiteji sokuqala kungu-2.0m (100%), ukusika kahle kobuchwepheshe besigaba sesibili kungu-3.6m (kukhuphukele ku-180%), kanti okwesithathu isigaba Ukusebenza kahle kokusika kobuchwepheshe yi-5.5m (kukhuphukele ku-275%).Ezinkampanini ezikhiqiza amathuluzi edayimane njengamanje eChina, u-90% usasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besigaba sokuqala, izinkampani ezingaphansi kuka-10% ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besigaba sesibili, kanti izinkampani ngazinye zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besigaba sesithathu.Akunzima ukubona ukuthi phakathi kwezinkampani zamathuluzi edayimane zamanje e-China, izinkampani ezimbalwa zikwazi ngokugcwele ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu.Kodwa-ke, izinkampani eziningi zisasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bendabuko kanye nemuva.

Okwesibili ukuncintisana okunonya.Amathuluzi edayimane asetshenziswayo futhi adingeka kakhulu emakethe.Ngokobuchwepheshe bamanje bokukhiqiza amathuluzi edayimane esigabeni sokuqala, kulula kakhulu ukuqala ibhizinisi elisha lethuluzi ledayimane.Esikhathini esifushane, cishe kunezinkampani eziyinkulungwane ezikhiqiza amathuluzi edayimane eChina.Thatha i-105mm diamond saw blade evame ukusetshenziswa njengesibonelo, ibanga lomkhiqizo 'ikhwalithi ephezulu', intengo yangaphambili yasembonini ingaphezu kwama-yuan angu-18, ibalwa cishe ngo-10%;izinga lomkhiqizo 'lisezingeni', intengo yangaphambili yasembonini icishe ibe ngamayuan ayi-12, ibalwa cishe ngama-50%;Ibanga lomkhiqizo "linomnotho", intengo yangaphambili yemboni icishe ibe ngama-yuan ayi-8, ibalwa cishe ngama-40%.Lezi zinhlobo ezintathu zemikhiqizo zibalwa ngokwesilinganiso sezindleko zomphakathi.Inzuzo yenzuzo yemikhiqizo 'yezinga eliphezulu' ingafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-30%, kanti umkhawulo wenzuzo yemikhiqizo 'ejwayelekile' ingafinyelela ku-5-10%.Izintengo zangaphambili zefekthri zamabhizinisi zonke zingaphansi kwama-yuan angu-8, futhi zikhona ngisho ziphansi njengoba zingaphansi kwama-yuan angu-4.

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bezinkampani eziningi busezingeni lesigaba sokuqala, futhi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo iyafana, ukuze kuthathwe isabelo semakethe, kufanele balwele izinsiza namanani.Uyangibamba, futhi amanani omkhiqizo ehlisiwe.Imikhiqizo enjalo ithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngobuningi.Akumangalisi ukuthi abanye bathi imikhiqizo yaseShayina 'iyimfucumfucu'.Ngaphandle kokushintsha lesi simo, kunzima ukugwema ukungezwani kwezohwebo.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinkampani ezikhiqiza imikhiqizo enenani eliphansi nazo zibhekene nenselele yokwazisa nge-RMB.

Thatha umgwaqo wekhwalithi ephezulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola.

Ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kweChina kwamashumi ezigidigidi zama-yuan wamathuluzi edayimane kudla cishe amathani ayi-100,000 ensimbi, izinsimbi ezingezona ayoni, amagremu ayizigidi ezingama-400 wamadayimane, izigidi ezingama-600 kWh kagesi, amathani ayi-110,000 ezinto zokupakisha, amathani angama-52,000 wamasondo okugaya, kanye namathani angu-3,500 kapende.Imikhiqizo ekhiqizwayo njengamanje iningi lemikhiqizo ephakathi nendawo kanye nesezingeni eliphansi.Uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo yamazwe athuthukile, kunegebe elikhulu.Isibonelo, icwecwe lesaha ledayimane elingu-105mm, ukusikwa okomile okuqhubekayo okungama-20mm okujiyile okuphakathi nendawo okuqinile kwe-granite slab, kusikwe ama-40m ubude.Ukusebenza kahle kokusika kwemikhiqizo emazweni athuthukile kungafinyelela ku-1.0 ~ 1.2m ngomzuzu.Izingcezu zaseShayina's'standard' zingasikwa zibe ngamamitha angu-40 ubude ngaphandle kwamandla, futhi ukusebenza kahle kwemikhiqizo emihle kungafinyelela ku-0.5~0.6m ngomzuzu, futhi izingcezu ze-'economic' zingasikwa ngaphansi kuka-40m angisakwazi ukuyihambisa, ngokwesilinganiso ukusebenza kahle ngomzuzu kungaphansi kuka-0.3m.Futhi izingcezu zethu ezimbalwa "zekhwalithi ephezulu", ukusebenza kahle kokusika kungafinyelela ku-1.0 ~ 1.5m ngomzuzu.I-China manje isiyakwazi ukukhiqiza amathuluzi edayimane ekhwalithi ephezulu.Imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu inekhono eliphezulu lokusika futhi ingonga amandla amaningi kanye namahora omuntu uma isetshenziswa.Imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu ingasetshenziswa futhi ibe nempilo ende yesevisi.I-saw blade eyodwa "yekhwalithi ephezulu" ingaba phezulu ku-3 kuya ku-4 "okujwayelekile" noma "ezomnotho" izindwani.Uma ama-diamond saw blades akhiqizwa e-China alawulwa ezingeni 'lezinga eliphezulu' izindwani, imali yokuthengisa yonyaka owodwa izokhula kuphela, inganciphi, futhi okungenani i-50% yezinsiza zingagcinwa (insimbi, izinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi 50,000 amathani, ugesi 300 million Degree, 55,000 amathani wezinto zokupakisha, 26,000 amathani amasondo okugaya, 1,750 amathani kapende).Kunganciphisa nokuphuma kothuli esondo lokugaya kanye nokukhishwa kwegesi kapende, futhi kunciphise ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.